Once your offer to purchase a home has been accepted by the Seller, and you’ve completed your Home Inspection, the next step in the process of buying a home is to sit with your attorney to sign the contract of sale.
Signing the contract of sale is the “moment of truth” in that once you sign, you are committed to the purchase transaction. No longer can you change your mind about buying the house; you’re committed all the way through to closing. In New York, when you sit with an attorney to sign the contract you’ll also bring a check payable to the attorney for the Seller. This check is called the “Earnest Money Deposit” also known as the good faith deposit or deposit on contract. Typically the “EMD” is anywhere from 5 to 10% of the agreed upon purchase price for the home, although different purchase transactions call for different deposits. The check you provide—made payable to the attorney for the Seller—is held by that attorney in a non-interest bearing escrow account until the closing day.
In Connecticut, the deposit on contract is made in different stages: typically 1% on signing the binder, then a further balance upon signing contract, and a final escrow deposit once a commitment has been issued by a Lender.
The purpose of these deposits—whether it’s the 1% binder fee in Connecticut, or the EMD in New York—is to demonstrate to the Seller of the house that you are serious about pursuing the purchase of the home. The Seller is committing to sell you the house under the agreed upon terms of the purchase contract—price, condition of house, closing terms, etc.. While the house is under the contract, the Seller is not marketing the house to any other Buyers. The house is effectively “off the market.” This protects you, the Buyer, from losing the house to another Buyer while you are spending money on Home Inspections, attorneys, and working diligently to obtain a mortgage commitment from a Lender. The key here is that you must work diligently with your Lender to obtain the mortgage commitment. You must comply with all Lender requests for documents in a timely manner in order to facilitate your loan approval and ultimately closing. Under the terms of the contract if you do not comply then you may be held in “default” and some or all of your Earnest Money Deposit may be at risk for loss.
If your loan request is denied by the Lender you are entitled to receive your EMD back from the Seller’s attorney with no harm.
